§7.1 — Work by a Constant Force
Work is the mechanical transfer of energy. When you push an object and it moves, you do work on it. When a spring pushes back against your hand, the…
Chapter 14 — Q&A
Q: Why is pressure such a central concept in fluid mechanics, and how does it differ fundamentally from forces in solid mechanics?
Chapter 14 — Flashcards
Fluids in motion and at rest — Master pressure, buoyancy, Bernoulli, viscosity, and flow. Test yourself! 💧
§14.7 — Turbulence and Complex Flow
When fluid flow transitions from smooth, predictable laminar motion to chaotic, swirling motion, it becomes turbulent. Turbulence is one of the great…
§14.6 — Viscosity and Stokes’ Law
Real fluids do not flow without resistance. Viscosity is the property that describes how a fluid opposes motion, analogous to friction in solids. It…
§14.4 — Continuity Equation
When a fluid flows through a pipe or channel, the volume flow rate must remain constant along the path if the fluid is incompressible (like water).…
§14.5 — Bernoulli’s Equation
Bernoulli’s equation expresses energy conservation for a flowing fluid. It relates pressure, velocity, and gravitational potential energy at…
§14.3 — Archimedes’ Principle and Buoyancy
When an object is immersed in a fluid, the varying pressure on different parts of the object creates a net upward force. This phenomenon is captured…
§14.2 — Hydrostatic Pressure
When a fluid is at rest (or moving at constant velocity, where acceleration is zero), forces balance and the fluid is in static equilibrium. In this…
§14.1 — Fluids and Pressure
A fluid is any substance that flows and conforms to the shape of its container—liquids and gases both qualify. Unlike solids, fluids cannot support…